Showing posts with label lễ hội truyền thống. Show all posts
Showing posts with label lễ hội truyền thống. Show all posts

Monday, April 29, 2013

Ghana : Lắm vàng cũng khổ !


From: Thuy Huong <Sent: Sunday, April 28, 2013 11:53 PM
Subject: []  Bộ lạc ASHANTI Ghana : Lắm vàng cũng kh ổ !

 


 

Thế giới hiện đại đều hết sức ngạc nhiên với bộ lạc Ashanti khi họ đeo cả đống vào ròng trên người. 

 

(Sông Hồng) - Bộ tộc Ashanti nằm ở phía Nam đất nước Ghana, thuộc Tây Phi. Ghana là một quốc gia nghèo đói, song bộ lạc này lại nổi tiếng vì sở hữu rất nhiều vàng.
Với dân số khoảng 3 triệu người, bộ tộc Ashanti có tổ chức như một quốc gia thu nhỏ. 

 



Vương quốc Ashanti nằm biệt lập giữa rừng, sống cuộc sống biệt lập, không giao thương với thế giới bên ngoài.

 



Quốc gia này giành độc lập vào XVII. Bộ lạc này sống trên vùng đất có nhiều mỏ vàng, nên việc sở hữu vàng với họ rất đơn giản.

 



Tuy nhiên, điều ngạc nhiên là, dù sở hữu vô số vàng bạc, song bộ lạc này lại rất nghèo, thậm chí tình trạng đói kém diễn ra khắp nơi.
Trong khi họ đeo cả kg vàng trên người, nhưng lại không có gì ăn. Nạn chết đói diễn ra ở nhiều vùng đất nơi bộ lạc này sinh sống.

 



Người Ashanti hiện vẫn duy trì chế độ mẫu hệ. Trong gia đình, phụ nữ đóng vai trò là chủ, quyết định mọi việc hệ trọng.

 



Mặc dù theo chế độ mẫu hệ, song lại hài ước ở chỗ đàn ông có quyền lấy nhiều vợ.

 



Những đứa trẻ người Ashanti được dạy dỗ rất cẩn trọng từ tấm bé.

 



Người cha sẽ dạy cho các cậu con trai 7-8 tuổi biết đi rừng, săn bắn kiếm sống.
Những bé gái sẽ được mẹ dạy cách trồng trọt, hái lượm, đặc biệt là cách bảo vệ hạnh phúc gia đình.

 



Người Ashanti rất coi trọng đời sống tâm linh. Họ nhìn đâu cũng thấy linh hồn. Từ tảng đá, cây cỏ, chim chóc... đều có linh hồn, do đó họ tôn trọng mọi thứ hiện diện xung quanh mình.

 



Người Ashanti đánh giá sự giàu có dựa trên lượng vàng đeo trên người. Vàng thể hiện địa vị, đẳng cấp, quyền lực. Vì thế, người ta đua nhau đúc vàng đeo trên người.
Vàng cũng là công cụ, là linh hồn của bộ tộc, để họ thể hiện đẳng cấp với các bộ lạc xung quanh. 

 



Họ cũng đánh giá các đối tác làm ăn thông qua lượng vàng đeo trên người. Tầng lớp tộc trưởng cũng thể hiện quyền lực của mình với những cục đeo mỏi cả đôi chân.

 



Các chàng trai, cô gái người Ashanti đánh giá đối phương thông qua trọng lượng vàng đính trên cơ thể nhau, chứ không phải trí tuệ hay vóc dáng.

 



Mặc dù có rất nhiều vàng, nhưng bộ lạc này vẫn đói, vì họ sống khép kín giữa rừng, không giao thương với thế giới bên ngoài.

 



Họ sống theo kiểu tự cung, tự cấp. Vàng được đem ra làm vật trao đổi chả khác gì mớ rau, con cá.

 



Vì ai cũng có vàng, nên thứ vật chất màu vàng này chỉ có giá trị ảo, mang tính tượng trưng, chứ không đem lại no ấm cho người dân.

 



Cũng vì đeo rất nhiều vàng trên người, nên bộ lạc Ashanti không dám giao du với thế giới bên ngoài.

Người dân bộ lạc này cũng là con mồi của các băng cướp nguy hiểm. Tại vùng đất thuộc bộ lạc này, đã xảy ra nhiều cuộc cướp bóc, giết người để chiếm đoạt khối tài sản kếch xù từ một người Ashanti bình thường.
Chính vì tự đeo lên mình mối nguy hiểm, nên tốt nhất là người Ashanti trốn tịt ở vùng đất sâu tít tắm trong rừng thẳm. Và như vậy, vàng không phải là thứ mang lại ấm no cho họ, mà ở một góc độ nào đó, nó kéo họ lùi xa thế giới văn minh.

 

Wednesday, April 10, 2013

10 Most Unique Festivals Across the World


 

Mười lễ hội truyền thống dặc biệt quanh thế zới


 

Who doesn't like festive seasons? The magical music, the fierce dance, the vibrancy, the color and the enthusiasm! Being at festivals is like standing inside the mind of a culture as it dreams. So here are the 10 coolest and most unique festivals celebrated around the world. I bet it will be a divine experience.

 

1.Saint Patrick's Festival, Dublin

 

Saint Patrick's Day, also known as Feast of Saint Patrick is celebrated every year on March,17th in the memory of Saint Patrick. It is a festival for all the true Irishmen and those who feel Irish from their heart. History states that March,17 marks the death of Saint Patrick. Saint Patrick baptised people and cast out paganism. Hence the Irish believe that thanks to him there are no snakes on their island.

 

Saint patrick's day parade

Department stores are all decorated with green shamrock,a three-leaved plant which symbolizes the day. After green-the color of spring,the shamrock and national color of Ireland,the famous Irish Whiskey "Jameson" is sold in green glass bottles . People get dressed and painted in bright green, some wear costumes with red wigs and green caps, carry bagpipes and arrange lavish parades. They also listen to Irish music and sing funny songs.

 

Saint Patrick's Day Street performer

 

Noisy celebrations are continued all day long and end with a grand display of fireworks. Indispensable companions are Irish whiskey and beer, foods such as corned beef with steamed vegetables, mashed potatoes with parsley and green onions-generally foods that are green in color. For the Irish around the world, this is a magical day when winter dreams begin to turn into the wonders of summer!

 Saint Patrick's Day Amusing

 

2. Night of the Witches, Mexico

 

If witches and wizards have a spiritual home, it may well be the Mexican town of Catemaco. In 1970, a local shaman was struck with an idea to host a witchcraft convention and now every year hundreds of shamans, witches and healers from all over Mexico travel to Catemaco to perform a mass cleansing ceremony designed to rid them of previous year's negative energies. It is more of "Bewitched" than "The Blair Witch Project" with the event attracting tourists from all over the world.

 

Night of the witches scary

 

The streets are crowded with vendors selling trinkets, magical potions and healings. Spiritualists and sorcerors hang out in every nook and cranny selling traditional remedies. The festival officially called 'Noche de Brujas' starts on the first Thursday night in March and carries on through the weekend. Hire a brujas and have them cast a spell on someone! It might be just the place for that lucky rabbit's foot you've always looked for.

 

Night of the witches vodoo

 

3.Dragon Boat Festival, China

 

The Dragon Boat festival, also known as the Dwanwu Festival has been celebrated in China for more than 25,000 years! The Fifth day of the Fifth lunar month marks the beginning of the various events held and also boosts up the tourism industry. Legend says that a Chinese patriot, Qu Yuan threw himself into the Mi Lo river to protest against the corrupt government in the period of 475-221 BC. In order to save him and prevent the fish from eating him, the locals threw rice patties into the river. Ever since then rice dumplings or zongzi are prepared and eaten during this festival season. Other activities include drinking realgar wine and dragon boat racing.

 

Dragon Boat Festival Night Lantern

 

Dragon boats are giant sized boats painted attractively and embellished with a dragon head and tail. The race begins with the rowing of boats to the rhythm of pounding drums. Once the night falls the breath-taking Dragon Lanterns and brightly lit creations come alive and truly steal the show.Since summer is a time when diseases spread rapidly, Dragon Boat Festival represents an occasion for driving off evil spirits and pestilence and for finding peace in one's life.

 

Dragon Boat Festival Competition

 

4.Carnival of Venice, Italy

 

The tradition of carnival dates back over 900 years. It was the one time during the year when there were no bounds. Everybody was free to do things desired all year without any guilt thanks to the masks. In Italy, it is celebrated in different ways varying from city to city. The most popular is the Carnival of Venice which is famous for masks.

 

Carnival of Venice colorful costumes

Venetian masks were wore first in the 15th century to remove social and sexual differences. During the carnival, Venice comes alive with masked Venetians and tourists. Bands,jugglers and entertainers are everywhere and the canals are full of colorful boats. The nights are also full of parties and masked balls.It gives you a feeling as if fairy tales are coming alive!

 

Carnival of Venice Couple

Carnival of Venice Striped

 

5.Las Fallas, Spain

 

Las Fallas, one of Spain's most odd and crazy fiestas held every year in Valencia. Las Fallas means "the fires" in Valencian. The origin of Las Fallas dates back to the 16th century when the onset of spring season was celebrated as a pagan ritual. The focus of this festival is to create and destroy ninots(puppets or dolls), which are statues made out of cardboard,wood,paper-mache and plaster. These ninots are lifelike and usually demonstrate satirical scenes or poke fun at corrupt politicians and Spanish celebrities. Many ninots are several feet tall. The ninots remain intact until March 19th, after which men stuff them with fireworks.

 

Las Fallas Mermaids

All the streetlights are switched off and the ninots are set on fire at 12 am exactly. The last ones to be burnt win prizes and 1 ninot is saved every year for an exhibition at the Museum. When at midnight Valencia goes up in flames with about 300 ninots being burnt, the spectacle is unforgettable!

 

Las Fallas Ninot burnt

 

6.Day of the Dead, Mexico

 

Day of the Dead, as creepy as it sounds, is commonly known as 'Dia de Muertos' in Spanish and is traditionally celebrated on 1st and 2nd of November in Mexico. This festival celebrates the lives of loved ones who have died while also reminding people about their own mortality. Skull is used as a symbol of the holiday. People go to cemeteries to be with the souls of the departed and build private altars containing foods and beverages, as well as photos of the dead. This is done to encourage visits by the soul.

 

Dia de muertos skeleton lady

Celebrations can take a humorous tone as celebrants remember funny events about th dead. Toys are brought for the dead children and bottles of tequila for adults. Some people believe that the spirits consume all the nutrition leaving behind the matter. Pillows and blankets are also left out so that the dead can rest after their long journey.

 

Day of the dead ghost costumes

 

7.Mardi Gras, USA

 

Mardi Gras, a French term which means Fat Tuesday referring to the practice of the last night of eating fatty foods before the ritual fasting which begins on Ash Wednesday. This day can occur anytime between February 3rd and March 9th, depending on when Easter is held that year. In 1857, a group called Mystik Krewe of Comus staged the first modern style Mardi Gras parade. The torchlit evening procession of floats illustrated themes from mythology and literature. The parades are headed by 'Kings' and 'Queens' who throw trinkets at the crowd. There's no general theme for Mardi Gras but each individual depicts a specific subject such as legends, children's stories, geography etc.

 

Mardi Gras costume parade

Originally the costumes were worn to keep the identities of Krewe members secret whereas today its no longer a big deal. Other practices include dancing, sports competitions, wearing masks etc. Its not compulsory to wear a costume. However, when you look around, you may feel strange out of costume rather than in it!

 

Mardi Gras Hippi

 

8.Burning Man, Nevada

 

Burning Man is a week long annual art, music and everything-else festival held in the middle of Black Rock desert,Nevada. It usually takes place between August 27 and September 3. But what exactly is Burning Man? It's hard to say. The founder reckons it's a City of Art; the motto is 'No Spectators' and everybody has to contribute something to that year's theme. This very special event which started with 8 people on a San Francisco beach in 1986 has grown to a huge art festival where hundreds of artists come and build art installations, sculptures, art cars and make performances.

 

Burning man festival art display

 

A giant, wooden effigy is burnt which is possibly inspired by the horror movie Wicker Man. But it's not pagan, only a form of art. In short: it's an intriguing way to step out of one's normal lifestyle and combine artistic as well as personal freedom.

 

Burning man festival wooden stand

 

9.The Fringe Festival, Edinburgh

 

The Edinburgh Fringe Festival is the world's largest art festival where visitors, artists, music and theatre mix together in a beautiful experience. This makes Edinburgh one of the most beloved places in UK. From 3 to 27 August, spanning 25 days, this year's festival will involve over 25,000 artists with over 40,000 performances!

 

Fringe Festival man on a wheel

 

The Fringe Festival originated when some artists weren't accepted to participate in the official Edinburgh's international festival. They then decided to set up an alternative event, which over the years grew huge. The major events include Music, Dance & Physical Theatre, Musicals & Opera and Children's Shows. Next time you're travelling in UK, don't miss this event!

 

Edinburgh Festival Art and Drama

 

10.Night of the Radishes, Mexico

 

One of the most colorful and unique festivals of Mexico, commonly referred to as 'Noche de Rabanos', is celebrated on December 23rd. As crazy as it sounds, the Radish Night festival lasts only a few hours due to limited lifespan of vegetables as folk art. Farmers carve the radishes into imaginative shapes in order to lure the people into buying the produce at the market.

 

Noche de Rabanos Carvings

 

Some of these radishes grown by the artisans are about 50 cms in length. These giant vegetables are heavily treatd with chemicals and fertilizers, hence not safe for consumption. The line of eager viewers is long, and the judges ready with the winners. Dozens of booths display carvings representing animals, saints, dancers, cathedrals, the Virgin Mary, nearly any imagination!

 

Noche de Rabanos radish dolls
 

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