Hà Nội 36 phố chuồng!
Mái ngói rêu phong dần
được thay thế bằng mái tôn, những lồng sắt, chuồng cọp xuất hiện ngày một nhiều
trên ban công hay nóc của các tòa nhà cũ kỹ... khiến phố cổ Hà Nội thêm ngột
ngạt, nhếch nhác.
Phố Hàng Đường nhìn từ
trên cao, nhà thò nhà thụt. Mặt tiền con phố này nham nhở từ nhiều năm nay khi
người dân cơi nới thêm tầng để tăng diện tích ở.
Người đi đường ngước
mắt lên cao rất dễ dàng bắt gặp nhiều ngôi nhà có mặt tiền nham nhở, vôi vữa bong
tróc bởi sự cơi nới hay thờ ơ của người dân.
Nhìn từ trên cao, hầu
hết nóc nhà phố Hàng Buồm, Hàng Giấy và nhiều khu vực khác đã bị sửa sang,
không còn cảnh ngói phủ đầy rêu đặc trưng của phố cổ Hà thành hàng chục năm về
trước. Các khoảng sân, ban công thoáng đãng cũng được tận dụng làm tum để ở
hoặc phơi phóng.
Do diện tích không được
mở rộng trong khi người ngày một đông nên nhiều gia đình ở phố cổ đã liên tục
cơi nới, xây các "chuồng cọp" chồng lên nhau.
Trong khu phố cổ đất
chật người đông, những chuồng cọp quây tôn rộng chưa đầy 10 m2 như thế này có
thể là chỗ sinh hoạt lý tưởng của một gia đình.
Mái tôn giăng kín, nhà
mọc khắp nơi khiến nhiều ngôi nhà chỉ một chỗ có ánh sáng là tầng thượng.
Một
khe hở hiếm hoi đủ để đứng phơi quần áo.
Còn nhiều hộ gia đình
khác ở nhà số 60 Hàng Buồm phải bật đèn điện giữa ban ngày để soi lối đi và
phơi quần áo..
Nước bồn cầu chảy khắp
khu tập thể
Suốt 40 năm, do sống
trong không gian chật hẹp, cũ nát, hơn 100 hộ dân ở khu tập thể ĐH Y Hà Nội
phải xây thêm nhà vệ sinh, xả thải qua ống nhựa bắc qua đầu người dân khiến mùi
hôi thối bốc lên nồng nặc.
Năm 1974, khu nhà E4,
tập thể ĐH Y Hà Nội được xây dựng để phục vụ sinh viên. Sau đó, 112 căn hộ được
chuyển thành nhà ở cho cán bộ của trường.
Diện tích chật chội,
lại không có nhà vệ sinh nên hầu hết các căn hộ đều được cơi nới và xây thêm
"chuồng cọp" để làm nhà vệ sinh, bếp, phòng tắm. Trải qua hàng chục
năm, những chuồng cọp xuống cấp, nhem nhuốc, sắt thép hoen rỉ, rêu mọc khắp
nơi.
Nhà chỉ rộng 12m2 (dài
gần 7 m, rộng 1,8 m) mà có tới 5 người nên gia đình bà Ngô Thị Lịch (phòng 40E)
phải làm thêm gác xép để ngủ.
Còn
khu bếp, vệ sinh... được gia đình tự cơi nới thêm phía trước nhà.
Mỗi
nhà cơi nới một kiểu, cái thò cái thụt khiến khu tập thể gần 40 tuổi thêm lồi
lõm.
Bà Phan Thị Thu, Tổ phó
tổ dân phố 52, phường Trung Tự cho biết, chỉ có một số hộ dân được dẫn ống xả
xuống bể phốt của khu nhà, còn lại hầu hết đều phải bắc ống nhựa dẫn nước thải
từ bồn cầu xuống thẳng sông Lừ chạy phía trước nhà.
Để hạn chế mùi xú uế,
người dân đã xây tường rào để ngăn cách khu nhà ở với con sông ô nhiễm. Nhưng
gần đây, dự án bê tông hóa sông được thi công, tường rào bị phá bỏ, các ống xả
trơ ra, nước thải chảy lênh láng trên mặt đất. Có ống nước thải treo lơ lửng trên
đầu người qua lại.
Có
ống lại xả xuống ngay cạnh cửa nhà, khiến mùi hôi thối bốc lên nồng nặc.
Một số hộ kinh doanh phải mua bạt bọc các đường ống này lại để
tránh gây ô nhiễm môi trường. "Chúng tôi mong dự án cống hóa sông Lừ sớm
hoàn thiện để các đường ống dẫn nước thải được gom xuống cống, người dân bớt
khổ. Như thế này ô nhiễm quá, không thể sống nổi", bà Thu nói.
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